Новости за 05.03.2019

Date: 03/05/2019
Player: Matt Campagna (F)
From: Univ. of Toronto
To: Brampton Beast
Source: Link

Date: 03/05/2019
Player: Christopher Ordoobadi (F)
From: Neumann Univ.
To: Maine Mariners
Source: Link

Date: 03/05/2019
Player: Michal Seda (D)
From: Mulhouse
To: Retired
Source: Link

Global warming could decrease America’s GDP by more than 5% by 2100

In the State of the Union Address on February 5, 2019, President Donald J. Trump announced his administration’s goal to end the HIV epidemic in the United States within 10 years. The president’s budget will ask Republicans and Democrats to make the needed commitment to support a concrete plan to achieve this goal. While landmark biomedical and scientific research advances have led to the development of many successful HIV treatment regimens, prevention strategies, and improved care for persons with HIV... Читать дальше...

A 54-year-old man who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 12 years ago presented for evaluation of new-onset pancytopenia. Histopathologic examination of bone marrow aspirate showed normocellular marrow, dyserythropoiesis with vacuolized and dysplastic erythroid precursors, left-shifted granulocytic maturation, ring sideroblasts with no increase in blasts, and no cytogenic abnormalities. What would you do next?

This Medical News story discusses hospital-led initiatives aimed at providing housing for homeless people to improve their health and well-being.

This Medical News feature summarizes a recent study exploring how tumor biology contributes to sex differences in glioblastoma survival.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was described more than 50 years ago. In that first description, Ashbaugh et al framed ARDS as an acute lung injury that arises from several underlying causes, such as severe trauma or pneumonia, and can lead to catastrophic hypoxemia and death. The authors considered several potential therapies that might modulate the underlying disease process, but concluded the only demonstrably useful intervention was optimal titration of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Читать дальше...

This randomized trial compares the effect of guiding PEEP titration using esophageal pressure vs empirical high PEEP–fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) on a composite of death and days free from mechanical ventilation at 28 days in patients with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the Infectious Diseases Society of America’s (IDSA’s) 2017 guideline on diagnosis and management of infectious diarrhea in children and adults.

This JAMA Genomics and Precision Health article explains how next-generation sequencing can be used to identify pathogens and provide insights into disease transmission, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance.

This Viewpoint discusses the evolving nature of the oncologist-patient relationship given the growth in complexity of information available to both, the costs of cancer care, and the long-term relationships that are newly developing as cancer treatments become more effective, and it calls for support systems that will facilitate informed conversations and clinical decisions.

This Viewpoint reviews unintended consequences of the 1983 Orphan Drug Act, which incentivized development of drugs for rare diseases, including abbreviated approval processes for manufacturers and surges in drug costs, and calls for revision of the “orphan drug” definition in an era where precision medicine will narrow patient populations sufficiently to make any drug qualify for an “orphan” designation.

This Viewpoint explains how the 2018 Farm Bill, legislation that authorizes an array of major food and agriculture programs in the United States, is a powerful but underutilized tool for promoting public health, reducing health care spending, and addressing disparities by improving access to better nutrition and reducing the prevalence of diet-related diseases.

This Viewpoint reviews the epidemiology and clinical presentation of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) in the United States, highlighting evidence that enterovirus D68 is associated with seasonal biennial upsurges in AFM cases, and calls for support for virology research, studies to develop prevention and treatment strategies, and enhanced epidemiologic surveillance to contain future outbreaks.

Ticks are second only to mosquitoes as vectors of human pathogens, and reported cases of tick-borne diseases have been increasing in the United States. What’s more, new disease-causing viruses transmitted by ticks continue to be discovered, while known viruses spread to new geographic locations. Although there are no effective treatments for many of these diseases, researchers recently developed a vaccine that protects mice against tick-transmitted viruses, including the Powassan virus, which can cause life-threatening encephalitis in humans.

Over the past decade, nutritional psychiatry has developed into a promising research area in a field with great unmet need. The early research has advanced from cross-sectional epidemiological studies reporting associations between diet quality and mental health outcomes, including depression and anxiety, to longitudinal and mechanistic studies. Observational findings have been extensively replicated and documented in meta-analyses and are supported by intervention studies examining the efficacy... Читать дальше...

During 2018 the FDA approved 106 novel devices, surpassing the 40-year record it set in 2017 by approving 99 novel devices.

The FDA has approved the first test designed to help diagnose a sexually transmitted infection caused by the Mycoplasma genitalium bacterium.

The first generic version of vigabatrin has received FDA approval for treating complex partial seizures.

The revolutionary changes that the necessities of the war have injected into our national habits and conventional practices have already become the subject of much speculation with respect to their future states. One often hears the query: “Shall we ever return to our former ways?” Particularly true is this in relation to the educational system, notably among the higher institutions of learning, which have responded in a most extraordinary manner to the nation’s call for young men trained intensively... Читать дальше...

This Research Letter examines differences in the size of National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants awarded to first-time male and female principal investigators at top research institutions, including the Big Ten and Ivy League universities.

To the Editor The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended high-intensity counseling for adults with obesity, followed by regular contact for maintenance of weight loss. The task force did not issue recommendations for pharmacotherapy because of (1) perceived lack of generalizability of the clinical trial findings, owing to stringent inclusion criteria and run-in periods; (2) high rates of dropout in the trials; and (3) lack of data “about the maintenance of improvement after discontinuation... Читать дальше...