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Новости за 16.03.2019

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Improving eye-tracking calibration accuracy using symbolic regression

Plos.org 
En

by Almoctar Hassoumi, Vsevolod Peysakhovich, Christophe Hurter

Eye tracking systems have recently experienced a diversity of novel calibration procedures, including smooth pursuit and vestibulo-ocular reflex based calibrations. These approaches allowed collecting more data compared to the standard 9-point calibration. However, the computation of the mapping function which provides planar gaze positions from pupil features given as input is mostly based on polynomial regressions, and little work has investigated alternative approaches. Читать дальше...

A topological approach to selecting models of biological experiments

Plos.org 
En

by M. Ulmer, Lori Ziegelmeier, Chad M. Topaz

We use topological data analysis as a tool to analyze the fit of mathematical models to experimental data. This study is built on data obtained from motion tracking groups of aphids in [Nilsen et al., PLOS One, 2013] and two random walk models that were proposed to describe the data. One model incorporates social interactions between the insects via a functional dependence on an aphid’s distance to its nearest neighbor. The second model is a control model that ignores this dependence. Читать дальше...

RUPEE: A fast and accurate purely geometric protein structure search

Plos.org 
En

by Ronald Ayoub, Yugyung Lee

Given the close relationship between protein structure and function, protein structure searches have long played an established role in bioinformatics. Despite their maturity, existing protein structure searches either use simplifying assumptions or compromise between fast response times and quality of results. These limitations can prevent the easy and efficient exploration of relationships between protein structures, which is the norm in other areas of inquiry. Читать дальше...

Posterior scleral deformations around optic disc are associated with visual field damage in open-angle glaucoma patients with myopia

Plos.org 
En

by Eun Kyoung Kim, Hae-Young Lopilly Park, Chan Kee Park

Purpose

To identify important variables associated with visual field (VF) defects in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) with myopia.

Materials and methods

A total of 105 OAG with myopia were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The disc tilt ratio, disc torsion degree, disc-foveal angle, and area of peripapillary atrophy (PPA) were measured from red-free fundus photographs. Patients underwent Swept-source optical coherence tomography... Читать дальше...

Discoveries beyond BRCA1/2: Multigene testing in an Asian multi-ethnic cohort suspected of hereditary breast cancer syndrome in the real world

Plos.org 
En

by Samuel Guan Wei Ow, Pei Yi Ong, Soo-Chin Lee

Background

Due to historically low uptake of genetic testing, the mutational spectrum of Asians with Hereditary Breast Cancer (HBC) is not well understood. This study sought to understand the incidence and spectrum of germline mutations in Asian patients with suspected HBC in a clinic setting.

Methods

1056 patients with suspected HBC were seen in our Cancer (CA) Genetics Clinic from 2000–2017, of which 460 underwent genetic testing. Читать дальше...



Critical role of the finger loop in arrestin binding to the receptors

Plos.org 
En

by Chen Zheng, Jonas Tholen, Vsevolod V. Gurevich

We tested the interactions with four different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of arrestin-3 mutants with substitutions in the four loops, three of which contact the receptor in the structure of the arrestin-1-rhodopsin complex. Point mutations in the loop at the distal tip of the N-domain (Glu157Ala), in the C-loop (Phe255Ala), back loop (Lys313Ala), and one of the mutations in the finger loop (Gly65Pro) had mild variable effects on receptor binding. Читать дальше...

Assessment of early goal-directed therapy guideline adherence: Balancing clinical importance and feasibility

Plos.org 
En

by Thansinee Saetae, Krit Pongpirul, Rujipat Samransamruajkit

Background

Assessing adherence to Early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) is challenging and might account for the negative findings and generalisability of the major trials to a real-life setting. This study was aimed (1) to extract key components of pediatric EGDT guidelines potentially becoming adherence criteria; (2) to classify adherence criteria into complete, clinically important, and feasible; and (3) to compare percent adherence... Читать дальше...

Automated multi-sample acquisition and analysis using atomic force microscopy for biomedical applications

Plos.org 
En

by Antoine Dujardin, Peter De Wolf, Frank Lafont, Vincent Dupres

In the last 20 years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as a ubiquitous technique in biological research, allowing the analysis of biological samples under near-physiological conditions from single molecules to living cells. Despite its growing use, the low process throughput remains a major drawback. Here, we propose a solution validated on a device allowing a fully automated, multi-sample analysis. Our approach is... Читать дальше...

Mathematical model of Na-K-Cl homeostasis in ictal and interictal discharges

Plos.org 
En

by Anton V. Chizhov, Dmitry V. Amakhin, Aleksey V. Zaitsev

Despite big experimental data on the phenomena and mechanisms of the generation of ictal and interictal discharges (IDs and IIDs), mathematical models that can describe the synaptic interactions of neurons and the ionic dynamics in biophysical detail are not well-established. Based on experimental recordings of combined hippocampal-entorhinal cortex slices from rats in a high-potassium and a low-magnesium solution containing 4-aminopyridine... Читать дальше...

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Москва

Легких ног и крепкого здоровья: когда поможет врач-подолог


Powerful gene set analysis in GWAS with the Generalized Berk-Jones statistic

Plos.org 
En

by Ryan Sun, Shirley Hui, Gary D. Bader, Xihong Lin, Peter Kraft

A common complementary strategy in Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) is to perform Gene Set Analysis (GSA), which tests for the association between one phenotype of interest and an entire set of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) residing in selected genes. While there exist many tools for performing GSA, popular methods often include a number of ad-hoc steps that are difficult to justify statistically, provide complicated... Читать дальше...


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