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Новости за 03.08.2019

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Racial, ethnic, and income disparities in air pollution: A study of excess emissions in Texas

Plos.org 
En

by Zhengyan Li, David M. Konisky, Nikolaos Zirogiannis

Objective

Excess emissions are pollutant releases that occur during periods of startups, shutdowns or malfunctions and are considered violations of the U.S. Clean Air Act. They are an important, but understudied and under-regulated, category of pollution releases given their frequency and magnitude. In this paper, we examine the demographic correlates of excess emissions, using data from industrial sources in Texas.

Methods

We conduct two complementary sets of analyses... Читать дальше...

Human dimensions of wildlife conservation in Iran: Assessment of human-wildlife conflict in restoring a wide-ranging endangered species

Plos.org 
En

by Saeideh Esmaeili, Mahmoud-Reza Hemami, Jacob R. Goheen

Human-wildlife conflicts restrict conservation efforts, especially for wide-ranging animals whose home ranges overlap with human activities. We conducted a study to understand conflicts with, and factors influencing the perceived value of an expanding population of onagers (Equus hemionus onager) in local communities in southern Iran. We asked about locals’ perceptions of six potential management strategies intended to lessen human-onager conflict. Читать дальше...

Intervention changes acoustic peak frequency and mesolimbic neurochemistry in the Pink1-/- rat model of Parkinson disease

Plos.org 
En

by Sharon A. Stevenson, Michelle R. Ciucci, Cynthia A. Kelm-Nelson

The neural mechanisms underlying behavioral therapy for vocal acoustic deficits in patients with Parkinson disease is unknown. A primary hypothesis is that voice therapy may modulate mesolimbic brainstem regions, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The VTA is implicated in ultrasonic call peak frequency, involved in rewarding behaviors, and impacted by Parkinsonism. We tested the hypothesis that chronic (daily) behavioral... Читать дальше...

Exploring induced pluripotency in human fibroblasts via construction, validation, and application of a gene regulatory network

Plos.org 
En

by Mehdi B. Hamaneh, Yi-Kuo Yu

Reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells, by overexpressing certain factors referred to as the reprogramming factors, can revolutionize regenerative medicine. To provide a coherent description of induced pluripotency from the gene regulation perspective, we use 35 microarray datasets to construct a reprogramming gene regulatory network. Comprising 276 nodes and 4471 links, the resulting network is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest... Читать дальше...



Every which way? On predicting tumor evolution using cancer progression models

Plos.org 
En

by Ramon Diaz-Uriarte, Claudia Vasallo

Successful prediction of the likely paths of tumor progression is valuable for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. Cancer progression models (CPMs) use cross-sectional samples to identify restrictions in the order of accumulation of driver mutations and thus CPMs encode the paths of tumor progression. Here we analyze the performance of four CPMs to examine whether they can be used to predict the true distribution of paths of tumor progression... Читать дальше...

Reappraising the utility of Google Flu Trends

Plos.org 
En

by Sasikiran Kandula, Jeffrey Shaman

Estimation of influenza-like illness (ILI) using search trends activity was intended to supplement traditional surveillance systems, and was a motivation behind the development of Google Flu Trends (GFT). However, several studies have previously reported large errors in GFT estimates of ILI in the US. Following recent release of time-stamped surveillance data, which better reflects real-time operational scenarios, we reanalyzed GFT errors. Using three data sources—GFT... Читать дальше...

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