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Новости за 12.02.2020

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Affect and exertion during incremental physical exercise: Examining changes using automated facial action analysis and experiential self-report

Plos.org 
En

by Sinika Timme, Ralf Brand

Recent research indicates that affective responses during exercise are an important determinant of future exercise and physical activity. Thus far these responses have been measured with standardized self-report scales, but this study used biometric software for automated facial action analysis to analyze the changes that occur during physical exercise. A sample of 132 young, healthy individuals performed an incremental test on a cycle ergometer. During that test... Читать дальше...

Factors associated with HIV testing among young females; further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data

Plos.org 
En

by Yibeltal Alemu Bekele, Gedefaw Abeje Fekadu

Background

HIV counseling and testing are key to control and prevent the spread of the virus and improve the lives of people living with HIV. Although the risk of acquiring the virus is high, only 27% of young Ethiopian women age 15 to 24 years old were tested and counseled for HIV. This coverage is low to achieve the 90-90-90 goal. Identifying factors associated with low utilization of HIV testing and counseling services among young females... Читать дальше...

Recycling of predictors used to estimate glomerular filtration rate: Insight into lateral collinearity

Plos.org 
En

by Luis Gustavo Modelli de Andrade, Helio Tedesco-Silva

Background

One overlooked problem in statistical analysis is lateral collinearity, a phenomenon that may occur when the outcome variable derives from the predictors. In nephrology this issue is seen with the use of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as an outcome and age, sex, and ethnicity as predictors. In this study with simulated data, we aim to illustrate this problem.

Methods

We randomly generated unrelated data to estimate eGFR by common equations. Читать дальше...



Back to the light, coevolution between vision and olfaction in the “Dark-flies” (Drosophila melanogaster)

Plos.org 
En

by Ismet Özer, Thomas Carle

Trade-off between vision and olfaction, the fact that investment in one correlates with decreased investment in the other, has been demonstrated by a wealth of comparative studies. However, there is still no empirical evidence suggesting how these two sensory systems coevolve, i.e. simultaneously or alternatively. The “Dark-flies” (Drosophila melanogaster) constitute a unique model to investigate such relation since they have been reared in the dark since 1954, approximately 60 years (~1500 generations). Читать дальше...

The influence of collection method on paleoecological datasets: In-place versus surface-collected fossil samples in the Pennsylvanian Finis Shale, Texas, USA

Plos.org 
En

by Frank L. Forcino, Emily S. Stafford

There are multiple common methods for collecting fossil material in the field for paleoecological analyses, so it is important to determine if and how different methods may affect the similarities and differences among taxonomic samples. Here, we evaluate the influence of two fossil collection field methods (stratigraphically in-place bulk-sediment versus picking up weathered-out fossils from the ground surface) on paleoecological results, using the... Читать дальше...

Domain-general cognitive functions fully explained growth in nonsymbolic magnitude representation but not in symbolic representation in elementary school children

Plos.org 
En

by Yulia Kuzmina, Tatiana Tikhomirova, Irina Lysenkova, Sergey Malykh

In this study, we aimed to compare developmental changes in nonsymbolic and symbolic magnitude representations across the elementary school years. For this aim, we used a four-wave longitudinal study with a one-year interval in schoolchildren in grades 1–4 in Russia and Kyrgyzstan (N = 490, mean age was 7.65 years at grade 1). The results of mixed-effects growth models revealed that growth in the precision of symbolic representation... Читать дальше...

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Москва

Понижение температуры в столичном регионе начнется с 14 июля


Risk factors for loneliness: The high relative importance of age versus other factors

Plos.org 
En

by Bridget Shovestul, Jiayin Han, Laura Germine, David Dodell-Feder

Loneliness is a potent predictor of negative health outcomes, making it important to identify risk factors for loneliness. Though extant studies have identified characteristics associated with loneliness, less is known about the cumulative and relative importance of these factors, and how their interaction may impact loneliness. Here, 4,885 individuals ages 10–97 years from the US completed the three-item UCLA Loneliness Survey on TestMyBrain.org. Using census data... Читать дальше...


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