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Новости за 15.08.2020

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Unfavorable outcomes to second-line tuberculosis therapy among HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected patients in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Dumessa Edessa, Mekonnen Sisay, Yadeta Dessie

Background

Drug resistance is a key obstacle to the global target set to end tuberculosis by 2030. Clinical complexities in drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV-infection co-management could worsen outcomes of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. A comprehensive estimate for risks of unsuccessful outcomes to second-line tuberculosis therapy in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected patients is mandatory to address such aspects in segments of the target set. Читать дальше...

Does planning help for execution? The complex relationship between planning and execution

Plos.org 
En

by Zhaojun Li, Paul De Boeck, Jian Li

Planning and execution are two important parts of the problem-solving process. Based on related research, it is expected that planning speed and execution speed are positively correlated because of underlying individual differences in general mental speed. While there could also be a direct negative dependency of execution time on planning time, given the hypothesis that an investment in planning contributes to more efficient execution. The positive correlation... Читать дальше...

Traditional rural values and posttraumatic stress among rural and urban undergraduates

Plos.org 
En

by Emily M. Keller, Gina P. Owens

Although rurality is often treated as an aspect of diversity, researchers disagree regarding whether the traditional rural values of self-reliance, distrust of outsiders, religiosity, centrality of family, and fatalism continue to differentiate rural versus urban undergraduates. The present study examined 1) whether differences in these values exist between rural and urban college students in the United States and 2) whether these rural values might mediate... Читать дальше...

Deep HT: A deep neural network for diagnose on MR images of tumors of the hand

Plos.org 
En

by Xianliang Hu, Zongyu Liu, Haiying Zhou, Jianyong Fang, Hui Lu

Background

There are many types of hand tumors, and it is often difficult for imaging diagnosticians to make a correct diagnosis, which can easily lead to misdiagnosis and delay in treatment. Thus in this paper, we propose a deep neural network for diagnose on MR Images of tumors of the hand in order to better define preoperative diagnosis and standardize surgical treatment.

Methods

We collected MRI figures of 221 patients... Читать дальше...

Effects of indoor pollution on acute respiratory infections among under-five children in India: Evidence from a nationally representative population-based study

Plos.org 
En

by Dinabandhu Mondal, Pintu Paul

Objective

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the leading causes of neonatal and child mortality. Despite several national efforts to reduce the incidence of mortality among children, India is one of the largest contributors to under-five mortality in the world. In this study, we examined the effects of indoor pollution on ARI among under-five children in India.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried using nationally representative data from... Читать дальше...



Dispositional optimism weakly predicts upward, rather than downward, counterfactual thinking: A prospective correlational study using episodic recall

Plos.org 
En

by Jessica Gamlin, Rachel Smallman, Kai Epstude, Neal J. Roese

Counterfactual thoughts center on how the past could have been different. Such thoughts may be differentiated in terms of direction of comparison, such that upward counterfactuals focus on how the past could have been better, whereas downward counterfactuals focus on how the past could have been worse. A key question is how such past-oriented thoughts connect to future-oriented individual differences such as optimism. Ambiguities... Читать дальше...

Anisotropic Gaussian kernel adaptive filtering by Lie-group dictionary learning

Plos.org 
En

by Tomoya Wada, Kosuke Fukumori, Toshihisa Tanaka, Simone Fiori

The present paper proposes a novel kernel adaptive filtering algorithm, where each Gaussian kernel is parameterized by a center vector and a symmetric positive definite (SPD) precision matrix, which is regarded as a generalization of scalar width parameter. In fact, different from conventional kernel adaptive systems, the proposed filter is structured as a superposition of non-isotropic Gaussian kernels, whose non-isotropy makes the filter more flexible. Читать дальше...

Mask or no mask for COVID-19: A public health and market study

Plos.org 
En

by Tom Li, Yan Liu, Man Li, Xiaoning Qian, Susie Y. Dai

Efficient strategies to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are peremptory to relieve the negatively impacted public health and global economy, with the full scope yet to unfold. In the absence of highly effective drugs, vaccines, and abundant medical resources, many measures are used to manage the infection rate and avoid exhausting limited hospital resources. Wearing masks is among the non-pharmaceutical intervention... Читать дальше...

Новости России
Москва

Искусство как память: в Театре Российской Армии прошел уникальный балетный марафон


Gaussian process inference modelling of dynamic robot control for expressive piano playing

Plos.org 
En

by Luca Scimeca, Cheryn Ng, Fumiya Iida

Piano is a complex instrument, which humans learn to play after many years of practice. This paper investigates the complex dynamics of the embodied interactions between a human and piano, in order to gain insights into the nature of humans’ physical dexterity and adaptability. In this context, the dynamic interactions become particularly crucial for delicate expressions, often present in advanced music pieces, which is the main focus of this paper. Читать дальше...

Trypanosoma cruzi loop-mediated isothermal amplification (Trypanosoma cruzi Loopamp) kit for detection of congenital, acute and Chagas disease reactivation

Plos.org 
En

by Susana A. Besuschio, Albert Picado, Arturo Muñoz-Calderón, Diana P Wehrendt, Marisa Fernández, Alejandro Benatar, Zoraida Diaz-Bello, Cecilia Irurtia, Israel Cruz, Joseph M Ndung’u, María L Cafferata, Graciela Montenegro, Sergio Sosa Estani, Raúl H. Lucero, Belkisyole Alarcón de Noya, Silvia A Longhi, Alejandro G Schijman

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Уимблдон

Теннисист Димитров получил травму, ведя 2:0 по сетам у Синнера на Уимблдоне






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