COVID-19 in 2021—Continuing Uncertainty
This Viewpoint summarizes the current best evidence about COVID-19 vaccines, immunity, and whether SARS-CoV-2 will become an endemic or seasonal virus.
This Viewpoint summarizes the current best evidence about COVID-19 vaccines, immunity, and whether SARS-CoV-2 will become an endemic or seasonal virus.
This Viewpoint discusses the Million Hearts initiative, a national effort that aims to prevent a million myocardial infarctions and strokes over 5 years, and proposes actions and strategies federal agencies can take to advance tobacco control, sodium reduction, trans fat elimination, hypertension control, and centering the US health care system on primary care.
This randomized trial compares the effects of continuing weekly treatment with subcutaneous semaglutide vs switching to placebo on change in body weight over 48 weeks among adults with overweight or obesity who completed a 20-week run-in period with semaglutide.
This Arts and Medicine feature presents global postage and commemorative stamps issued by countries and nongovernmental organizations in 2020 featuring coronavirus pandemic-related themes.
This Medical News article discusses genomic sequencing to detect and track virus variants during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Less than half of US workers in non–health care fields had COVID-19 prevention measures in place at work as of June 2020, based on an online survey of 4000 US, nonremote workers.
After increasing by about one-third for nearly 2 decades, the overall US suicide rate dipped by about 2% between 2018 and 2019. However, CDC researchers reported that the improvements didn’t extend to all racial and ethnic groups.
This Viewpoint outlines actions that the new federal administration could consider related to health care access and quality, and social determinants of health, to meaningfully improve health equity for racial/ethnic minority populations.
This 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults (I statement).
This systematic review to support the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on screening for vitamin D deficiency summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of screening and interventions for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic, community-dwelling adults.
In this narrative medicine essay, JAMA’s editor in chief remembers his career mentors and their selflessness as they guided him in his early and mid-career and later became friends and colleagues.
For Aviya
This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force’s 2021 recommendation that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults (I statement).
In Reply We agree with Dr Mehta and colleagues that lifestyle interventions may reduce heartburn symptoms among patients with GERD. As highlighted in our Review, there is solid evidence to advise patients with GERD to lose weight if they are obese and to abstain from smoking. However, currently available data regarding lifestyle changes are limited, and studies have often shown divergent results. Associations between dietary or beverage modifications and GERD symptoms are weak, and large population-based... Читать дальше...
In Reply Before exposing preterm infants to erythropoietin for neuroprotection, potential benefits and safety need to be assessed using the highest possible level of evidence by performing randomized clinical trials instead of extrapolating results from retrospective analyses in neonates exposed to diverse doses of erythropoietin for the prevention of anemia of prematurity. Our recent study demonstrated no significant difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 5 years in children born at 26... Читать дальше...
To the Editor In their Review about gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Dr Maret-Ouda and colleagues discussed risk factors and treatment options for GERD, including surgery and advanced endoscopic techniques. However, we believe they overlooked several recommendations that may benefit patients with heartburn.
To the Editor The Research Letter by Dr Natalucci and colleagues reported no benefits of early high-dose recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) on neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 5 years in very preterm infants. We are concerned about the interpretation of this study because the enrolled neonates carried a very low risk of brain damage, given their average birth weight of 1200 g and average gestational age of more than 29 weeks. In 2016, the same authors and, recently, others reported no advantage... Читать дальше...
In 1861, the medical historian K. F. X. Marx published an essay of seventy-four pages on medicine in the graphic arts, containing the first list of paintings and engravings relating to medicine. Unnoticed in its time, this pamphlet opened a new pathway of research which has since been retraced and extended by many investigators, more particularly in the subsequent lists made by Sudhoff, in the well known illustrated books of Charcot, Holländer, Müllerheim and Parkes-Weber, and in various magazine articles of more recent date. Читать дальше...
Hundreds of thousands of people who are older and disabled live in nursing homes not because they need specialized care or want to live in those facilities, but because Medicaid payment rules make that the only housing with daily living care they can afford.
Interest in the relationship between vitamin D and health has increased over the past decade, with concurrent increases in the number of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) assays performed and in the use of vitamin D supplements. In 2011, the National Academy of Medicine determined that a 25(OH)D level less than 20 ng/mL (49.9 nmol/L) was consistent with deficiency and that there was no evidence for different 25(OH)D thresholds for different health conditions. This recommendation resulted in vigorous... Читать дальше...
Over the past decade, the US has made progress on the core problems of access, cost, and quality involving health care. Although it is valuable, this progress seems inadequate compared with the magnitude of the challenges. Approximately 20 million individuals in the US have received insurance coverage because of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), yet an estimated 29 million (approximately 9% of the US population) remain uninsured. In addition, over the past decade, health care costs have stabilized at approximately 18% of gross domestic product... Читать дальше...
The sheer number of challenges facing the Biden Administration and the 117th Congress in the health policy sphere is staggering, as is the range of potential solutions offered by the authors of the Viewpoints in the JAMA Health Policy series. The most pressing challenges involve addressing the global COVID-19 pandemic. Yet policy makers would be remiss if they did not leverage this opportunity to also address the fundamental problems with the US health system laid bare by the nation’s response to the pandemic. Читать дальше...
With the inauguration of President Biden and a shift in control of the US Senate from Republicans to Democrats, the landscape for health policy has changed substantially in 2021. Just as the signing of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) by President Obama in 2010, along with sustained Republican opposition to this landmark law, set the health policy agenda for the past decade, the actions of the new president and Congress this year will determine how the US health care system functions and changes over the next decade.
In the Original Investigation titled “Effects of Improvisational Music Therapy vs Enhanced Standard Care on Symptom Severity Among Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: the TIME-A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published in the August 8, 2017, issue of JAMA, values were incorrect in Table 1. In the “Value” column under “Enhanced Standard Care,” the No. (%) values for boys should have been reported as 153 (84.1); for native speaker of the country’s main language as 169 (92.9); for previous music therapy... Читать дальше...
Jaundice, caused by high levels of the reddish-yellow pigment bilirubin in blood, affects more that 80% of newborns. Although neonatal jaundice usually resolves with treatment, severe hyperbilirubinemia can cause a form of brain damage called kernicterus or bilirubin-induced neurologic dysfunction (BIND). In low- and middle-income countries, jaundice is a major cause of neonatal death and brain damage.