by Anna Posod, Karina Wechselberger, Yasmin Pellkofer, Marlene Hammerl, Martina Urbanek, Eva Huber, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Elke Griesmaier
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by Yuki Takagi, Mitsunori Watanabe, Takashi Kojima, Yukihiro Sakai, Ryo Asano, Kazuo Ichikawa
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by Amy R. Holtby, Beatrice A. McGivney, John A. Browne, Lisa M. Katz, Keith J. Murphy, Emmeline W. Hill
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by Ebba Zetterberg, Anna Leclercq, Emma Persson-Sjodin, Johan Lundblad, Pia Haubro Andersen, Elin Hernlund, Marie Rhodin
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by Jordan Riddell, Allison Hempenstall, Yoko Nakata, Sandra Gregson, Richard Hayes, Simon Smith, Marlow Coates, Lizzie Charlie, Christine Perrett, Victoria Newie, Tomi Newie, Sharna Radlof, Josh Hanson
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by Briance Mascarenhas, Kartikeye Puranam
Algorithms are becoming prevalent but are often opaque and need external validation to assess whether or not they meet their purported objectives. The purpose of this study is to validate, using the limited information available, the algorithm used by the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) whose intention is to match applicants to medical residencies based on applicants’ prioritized preferences. The methodology involved first using randomized... Читать дальше...
by Cassandra J. Thomson, Rebecca A. Segrave, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Karyn E. Richardson, Eric Racine, Adrian Carter
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by Haran Sened, Chen Levin, Manar Shehab, Naomi Eisenberger, Simone Shamay-Tsoory
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by Rebecca Lear, Brad Metcalf, Gemma Brailey, Michael Nunns, Bert Bond, Melvyn Hillsdon, Richard Pulsford
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by Jiayan Huo, Stuart F. Quan, Janet Roveda, Ao Li
Frequent cortical arousal is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction among people with sleep-disordered breathing. Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) can represent pathological conditions associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Previous studies showed changes in cardiac activity due to cortical arousals. However, few studies have examined the instantaneous association between cortical arousal and HRV in an ethnically diverse population. Читать дальше...
by Cansu Cosgun, Muharrem Said Cosgun, Oznur Buyukturan, Buket Buyukturan
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by Carmen Power, Claire Williams, Amy Brown
BackgroundChildbirth has become increasingly medicalised, which may impact on the mother’s birth experience and her newborn infant’s physiology and behaviour. Although associations have been found between a mother’s subjective birth experience and her baby’s temperament, there is limited qualitative evidence around how and why this may occur.
ObjectivesThis qualitative study aimed to explore mothers’ childbirth and postnatal experiences... Читать дальше...
by Gustavo Pereyra Irujo, Paz Bernaldo, Luciano Velázquez, Antoni Pérez, Celeste Molina Favero, Alejandrina Egozcue
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by Phoebe Tran, Brittany Shelton, Liem Tran
BackgroundShort sleep duration (SSD) (
by Jafar Ali Natasha, Abd Rahaman Yasmin, Reuben Sunil Kumar Sharma, Saulol Hamid Nur-Fazila, Md Isa Nur-Mahiza, Siti Suri Arshad, Hussni Omar Mohammed, Kiven Kumar, Shih Keng Loong, Mohd Kharip Shah Ahmad Khusaini
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by Joseph Thiriot, Yuejin Liang, James Fisher, David H. Walker, Lynn Soong
by Nursena Aksunger, Corey Vernot, Rebecca Littman, Maarten Voors, Niccolò F. Meriggi, Amanuel Abajobir, Bernd Beber, Katherine Dai, Dennis Egger, Asad Islam, Jocelyn Kelly, Arjun Kharel, Amani Matabaro, Andrés Moya, Pheliciah Mwachofi, Carolyn Nekesa, Eric Ochieng, Tabassum Rahman, Alexandra Scacco, Yvonne van Dalen, Michael Walker, Wendy Janssens, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak
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by Lisa J. Adams, Jill P. Pell, Daniel F. Mackay, David Clark, Albert King, Michael Fleming
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by Samantha Knights, Smriti Prasad, Erkan Kalafat, Anahita Dadali, Pam Sizer, Francoise Harlow, Asma Khalil
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by Mark Tomlinson, Marguerite Marlow
In this Perspective, Mark Tomlinson and Marguerite Marlow argue that equitable improvements in mental health outcomes cannot be achieved without first dismantling colonial and paternalistic approaches to global mental health.
by Lars Råberg
Antagonistic coevolution (i.e., reciprocal adaptation and counter-adaptation) between hosts and pathogens has long been considered an important driver of genetic variation. However, direct evidence for this is still scarce, especially in vertebrates. The wealth of data on genetics of susceptibility to infectious disease in humans provides an important resource for understanding host–pathogen coevolution, but studies of humans are rarely framed in coevolutionary theory. Here... Читать дальше...
by Dina Hochhauser, Adi Millman, Rotem Sorek
It has become clear in recent years that anti-phage defense systems cluster non-randomly within bacterial genomes in so-called “defense islands”. Despite serving as a valuable tool for the discovery of novel defense systems, the nature and distribution of defense islands themselves remain poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively mapped the defense system repertoire of >1,300 strains of Escherichia coli, the most widely studied organism for phage-bacteria interactions. Читать дальше...
by Taro Onuma, Toshitaka Yamauchi, Hina Kosakamoto, Hibiki Kadoguchi, Takayuki Kuraishi, Takumi Murakami, Hiroshi Mori, Masayuki Miura, Fumiaki Obata
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by Reese A. Martin, Ann T. Tate
Components of immune systems face significant selective pressure to efficiently use organismal resources, mitigate infection, and resist parasitic manipulation. A theoretically optimal immune defense balances investment in constitutive and inducible immune components depending on the kinds of parasites encountered, but genetic and dynamic constraints can force deviation away from theoretical optima. One such potential constraint is pleiotropy, the phenomenon... Читать дальше...
by Stephanie Khuu, Justin W. Fernandez, Geoffrey G. Handsfield
Healthy skeletal muscle undergoes repair in response to mechanically localised strains during activities such as exercise. The ability of cells to transduce the external stimuli into a cascade of cell signalling responses is important to the process of muscle repair and regeneration. In chronic myopathies such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy and inflammatory myopathies, muscle is often subject to chronic necrosis and inflammation... Читать дальше...