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Новости за 18.05.2023

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A qualitative study exploring the lived experiences of patients living with mild, moderate and severe frailty, following hip fracture surgery and hospitalisation

Plos.org 
En

by Vanisha Patel, Antje Lindenmeyer, Fang Gao, Joyce Yeung

It is well recognised that hip fracture surgery is associated with a negative impact on short and long-term post-operative physical health and emotional well-being for patients. Furthermore, these patients are known to be frail with multiple co-morbidities. This study explores how frailty shapes the lived experiences of rehabilitation and recovery for patients who have undergone hip fracture surgery. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen participants... Читать дальше...

Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Plos.org 
En

by Carrie T. Chan

Introduction

Previous studies have found mixed associations between body mass index (BMI) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) incidence and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the association between BMI and the incidence of posterior spine fusion (PSF) among pediatric patients with AIS.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with AIS at a single large tertiary care center between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2020. Читать дальше...

Social and economic capital as effect modifiers of the association between psychosocial stress and oral health

Plos.org 
En

by Abby L. J. Hensel, Noha Gomaa

Objectives

To assess the extent of the association of psychosocial stress with oral health in an Ontario population stratified by age groups, and whether any association is modified by indicators of social and economic capital.

Methods

We retrieved data of 21,320 Ontario adults, aged 30–74 years old, from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS: 2017–2018), which is a Canada-wide, cross-sectional survey. Using binomial logistic regression models that adjusted for age... Читать дальше...

Formal help for persons with multiple sclerosis—Background factors associated with usage of personal assistance and home help in Sweden

Plos.org 
En

by Daniel Ståhl, Emilie Friberg

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that may cause several different symptoms, some which may entail the need for help in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore the association between sociodemographic background factors and the use of personal assistance and home help services (home help) among persons with MS in Sweden. The study was based on cross-sectional survey data merged with register data and included 3,863 persons with MS aged 20–51. Читать дальше...



Engagement and outcomes of marginalised young people in an early intervention youth alcohol and other drug program: The Street Universities model

Plos.org 
En

by Theresa Caruana, Limin Mao, Rebecca M. Gray, Joanne Bryant

Background

Early intervention alcohol and drug (AOD) programs for disadvantaged young people have the potential to substantially decrease the need for future intervention, however there is little research about how young people use these programs or the substance use and other outcomes of such programs. This paper uses data from an Australian AOD early intervention program, The Street Universities, to: describe young people’s... Читать дальше...

A theoretical model of factors influencing online consumer purchasing behavior through electronic word of mouth data mining and analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Qiwei Wang, Xiaoya Zhu, Manman Wang, Fuli Zhou, Shuang Cheng

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has impacted and changed consumer behavior because of a prolonged quarantine and lockdown. This study proposed a theoretical framework to explore and define the influencing factors of online consumer purchasing behavior (OCPB) based on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) data mining and analysis. Data pertaining to e-WOM were crawled from smartphone product reviews from the two most popular online shopping platforms in China... Читать дальше...

Causal implicatures from correlational statements

Plos.org 
En

by Samuel J. Gershman, Tomer D. Ullman

Correlation does not imply causation, but this does not necessarily stop people from drawing causal inferences from correlational statements. We show that people do in fact infer causality from statements of association, under minimal conditions. In Study 1, participants interpreted statements of the form “X is associated with Y” to imply that Y causes X. In Studies 2 and 3, participants interpreted statements of the form “X is associated with an increased risk of Y” to imply that X causes Y. Читать дальше...

Новости России
Москва

Врач-офтальмолог Элина Санторо: как выбрать идеальные солнцезащитные очки


Combining Mendelian randomization and network deconvolution for inference of causal networks with GWAS summary data

Plos.org 
En

by Zhaotong Lin, Haoran Xue, Wei Pan

Mendelian randomization (MR) has been increasingly applied for causal inference with observational data by using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs). However, the current practice of MR has been largely restricted to investigating the total causal effect between two traits, while it would be useful to infer the direct causal effect between any two of many traits (by accounting for indirect or mediating effects through other traits). For this purpose we propose a two-step approach... Читать дальше...

An approximate diffusion process for environmental stochasticity in infectious disease transmission modelling

Plos.org 
En

by Sanmitra Ghosh, Paul J. Birrell, Daniela De Angelis

Modelling the transmission dynamics of an infectious disease is a complex task. Not only it is difficult to accurately model the inherent non-stationarity and heterogeneity of transmission, but it is nearly impossible to describe, mechanistically, changes in extrinsic environmental factors including public behaviour and seasonal fluctuations. An elegant approach to capturing environmental stochasticity is to model the force of infection as a stochastic process. Читать дальше...

Binding pocket dynamics along the recovery stroke of human β-cardiac myosin

Plos.org 
En

by Fariha Akter, Julien Ochala, Arianna Fornili

The druggability of small-molecule binding sites can be significantly affected by protein motions and conformational changes. Ligand binding, protein dynamics and protein function have been shown to be closely interconnected in myosins. The breakthrough discovery of omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) has led to an increased interest in small molecules that can target myosin and modulate its function for therapeutic purposes (myosin modulators). In this work... Читать дальше...


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