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Новости за 03.04.2024

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No clear evidence of a difference between individuals who self-report an absence of auditory imagery and typical imagers on auditory imagery tasks

Plos.org 
En

by Zoë Pounder, Alison F. Eardley, Catherine Loveday, Samuel Evans

Aphantasia is characterised by the inability to create mental images in one’s mind. Studies investigating impairments in imagery typically focus on the visual domain. However, it is possible to generate many different forms of imagery including imagined auditory, kinesthetic, tactile, motor, taste and other experiences. Recent studies show that individuals with aphantasia report a lack of imagery in modalities, other than vision, including audition. Читать дальше...

How our longitudinal employment patterns might shape our health as we approach middle adulthood—US NLSY79 cohort

Plos.org 
En

by Wen-Jui Han

Recent labor market transformations brought on by digital and technological advances, together with the rise of the service economy since the 1980s, have subjected more workers to precarious conditions, such as irregular work hours and low or unpredictable wages, threatening their economic well-being and health. This study advances our understanding of the critical role employment plays in our health by examining how employment patterns throughout our working lives, based on work schedules... Читать дальше...

AP39, a novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide donor ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by regulating the AMPK/UCP2 pathway

Plos.org 
En

by Bin Zhang, Yangxue Li, Ning Liu, Bin Liu

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum, highly effective antitumor agent; however, its cardiotoxicity has greatly limited its use. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gaseous transmitter that exerts cardioprotective effects via the regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis and maintenance of mitochondrial function, among other mechanisms. AP39 is a novel mitochondria-targeted H2S donor that, at appropriate concentrations, attenuates intracellular oxidative stress damage... Читать дальше...

Experiences of integrating a psychological intervention into a youth-led empowerment program targeting out-of-school adolescents, in urban informal settlements in Kenya: A qualitative study

Plos.org 
En

by Beth Kangwana, Joan Mutahi, Manasi Kumar

Introduction

Depression, anxiety and behavioural disorders are the leading causes of illness and disability in adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of integrating mental health services into a youth-led community-based intervention targeting out-of-school adolescents, residing in Kariobangi and Rhonda informal settlements in Kenya.

Method

Youth mentors were trained on the Bridging the Gaps (BTG) curriculum that integrated... Читать дальше...

Enhancing nutritional status, growth, and fruit quality of dried figs using organic fertilizers in rain-fed orchards: A case study in Estahban, Iran

Plos.org 
En

by Moslem Jafari, Ali Akbar Ghasemi-Soloklui, Mojtaba Kordrostami

The majority of Iranian fig production is exported, making it one of the world’s most well-known healthy crops. Therefore, the main objective of the current experiment was to investigate the effects of various types of organic fertilizers, such as animal manure (cow and sheep), bird manure (partridge, turkey, quail, and chicken), and vermicompost, on the nutritional status of trees, vegetative and reproductive tree characteristics... Читать дальше...

Data reduction for SVM training using density-based border identification

Plos.org 
En

by Mohammed Shalaby, Mohamed Farouk, Hatem A. Khater

Numerous classification and regression problems have extensively used Support Vector Machines (SVMs). However, the SVM approach is less practical for large datasets because of its processing cost. This is primarily due to the requirement of optimizing a quadratic programming problem to determine the decision boundary during training. As a result, methods for selecting data instances that have a better likelihood of being chosen as support... Читать дальше...

Relationships of gaming disorder, ADHD, and academic performance in university students: A mediation analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Nazir Hawi, Maya Samaha

This study investigates the intersection of Gaming Disorder (GD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Grade Point Average (GPA), among university students, a critical demographic often overlooked in research on these disorders. A sample of 348 university students was analyzed using the IGD-20 Test for risk of GD, the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) for ADHD symptoms, and GPA as a metric of academic performance. The findings indicate... Читать дальше...



Association between hemoglobin trajectories and the incidence of dementia in a cohort of females aged 55–79 years

Plos.org 
En

by Dong Yoon Lee, Jihyeon Jeong, Won-Il Choi

Purpose

To assess the association between pattern changes in hemoglobin levels over time and the incidence of dementia using trajectories in females aged 55–79 years.

Materials and methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using females of aged 55–79 years from the National Health Insurance Service National Health Screening Cohort in Korea. To identify hemoglobin trajectories over eight years (2002–2009), we performed a three-step approach comprising measures of change... Читать дальше...

Stochastic attractor models of visual working memory

Plos.org 
En

by W. Penny

This paper investigates models of working memory in which memory traces evolve according to stochastic attractor dynamics. These models have previously been shown to account for response-biases that are manifest across multiple trials of a visual working memory task. Here we adapt this approach by making the stable fixed points correspond to the multiple items to be remembered within a single-trial, in accordance with standard dynamical perspectives of memory, and find evidence... Читать дальше...

Earnings management and readability of CSR report: Evidence from China

Plos.org 
En

by Bangqi Ren, Sheng Yao

The literature has confirmed that when managers increase profits through earnings management, the readability of annual reports may be reduced Lo (2017), Ye (2018). Whether this conclusion is suitable for Chinese corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports, however, is still unclear. Based on the panel data of 5083 Chinese non-financial listed companies from 2010 to 2019, this paper adopts multiple linear regression to investigate the impact of earnings management on the readability of Chinese CSR reports. Читать дальше...

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Москва

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Spatial and temporal differences and convergence analysis of multidimensional relative poverty in ethnic areas

Plos.org 
En

by Jing Cheng, Xiaobin Yu

Reducing multidimensional relative poverty is one of the important issues in the current global poverty governance field. This article takes 12 ethnic regions in China as the research object and constructs a multidimensional relative poverty measurement system. The calculated multidimensional relative poverty index is decomposed according to provinces, cities, dimensions, and indicators. Then, the Dagum Gini coefficient and convergence analysis are used to analyze... Читать дальше...


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