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Новости за 20.06.2024

Ten simple rules for implementing a successful field season

Plos.org 

by Lindsey R. Perry, Rebecca L. Kelble, Valerie N. Brewer, Cara E. Christensen, Mark E. Kerstens, Terrah M. Owens, Megan A. Sampognaro, Dorothy L. Zahor, Rachel A. Zitomer, Suzanne H. Austin, Jamie M. Cornelius, Jonathan B. Dinkins, Sarah J. K. Frey, Cecelia E. Frisinger, Stephanie M. LeQuier, Carl G. Lundblad, Jamie Oskowski, Hallie R. Perlman, William J. Price, Richard Rich, Kayla A. Ruth, Vanessa M. Schroeder, Shawn B. Szabo, James W. Rivers

Beliefs, compulsive behavior and reduced confidence in control

Plos.org 

by Lionel Rigoux, Klaas E. Stephan, Frederike H. Petzschner

OCD has been conceptualized as a disorder arising from dysfunctional beliefs, such as overestimating threats or pathological doubts. Yet, how these beliefs lead to compulsions and obsessions remains unclear. Here, we develop a computational model to examine the specific beliefs that trigger and sustain compulsive behavior in a simple symptom-provoking scenario. Our results demonstrate that a single belief disturbance–a lack of confidence... Читать дальше...



A dynamic foot model for predictive simulations of human gait reveals causal relations between foot structure and whole-body mechanics

Plos.org 

by Lars D’Hondt, Friedl De Groote, Maarten Afschrift

The unique structure of the human foot is seen as a crucial adaptation for bipedalism. The foot’s arched shape enables stiffening the foot to withstand high loads when pushing off, without compromising foot flexibility. Experimental studies demonstrated that manipulating foot stiffness has considerable effects on gait. In clinical practice, altered foot structure is associated with pathological gait. Yet, experimentally manipulating individual... Читать дальше...

GEM-based computational modeling for exploring metabolic interactions in a microbial community

Plos.org 

by Soraya Mirzaei, Mojtaba Tefagh

Microbial communities play fundamental roles in every complex ecosystem, such as soil, sea and the human body. The stability and diversity of the microbial community depend precisely on the composition of the microbiota. Any change in the composition of these communities affects microbial functions. An important goal of studying the interactions between species is to understand the behavior of microbes and their responses to perturbations. These interactions... Читать дальше...

Humans can infer social preferences from decision speed alone

Plos.org 

by Sophie Bavard, Erik Stuchlý, Arkady Konovalov, Sebastian Gluth

Humans are known to be capable of inferring hidden preferences and beliefs of their conspecifics when observing their decisions. While observational learning based on choices has been explored extensively, the question of how response times (RT) impact our learning of others’ social preferences has received little attention. Yet, while observing choices alone can inform us about the direction of preference, they reveal little about the strength of this preference. Читать дальше...

We’re Still Waiting for the Next Big Leap in AI

Wired Magazine 

Anthropic’s latest Claude AI model pulls ahead of rivals from OpenAI and Google. But advances in machine intelligence have lately been more incremental than revolutionary.

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