Новости за 07.01.2025

Date: 01/07/2025
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Date: 01/07/2025
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Date: 01/07/2025
Player: Vladimir Nikitin (G)
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Date: 01/07/2025
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Date: 01/07/2025
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This Viewpoint discusses significant revisions in the Declaration of Helsinki in response to changing ethical norms and technologies.

This Viewpoint explores the 2024 update to the Declaration of Helsinki from the perspective of the Americas and how countries in this region can implement the Declaration’s guidance to ethically govern scientific health research.

This Viewpoint discusses key revisions of the Declaration of Helsinki 2024 in the context of internationally accepted ethical guidance for human research.

This Viewpoint contextualizes the history of the Declaration of Helsinki, analyzes the implications of its latest revision, and emphasizes the need for patient-centricity in research ethics.

This Viewpoint summarizes recent updates to the Declaration of Helsinki, discusses its relevance in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) in health research, and highlights issues that could affect its future implementation as the use of AI in research increases.

This Viewpoint discusses the 2024 revisions made to the Declaration of Helsinki as it continues to work toward ensuring research is subject to ethical standards that promote respect for all human participants and protect their rights and interests.

This JAMA Special Communication presents the 2024 revision of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, a set of principles to guide the ethical treatment of participants in medical research.

This Special Communication examines ethical oversight of clinical research in the US and offers practical recommendations that are consistent with current regulations and that could help to make research oversight better fit for purpose for different types of studies.

This JAMA issue focuses on important contemporary issues in ethics and medical research and is anchored by 2 Special Communications with their accompanying Viewpoints and Editorials.

Research that is scientifically and ethically sound should gain institutional review board (IRB) approval without difficulty. Yet investigators seeking to address important questions through research conducted in the context of clinical care, including comparative effectiveness research and implementation science studies, often struggle with IRB review even when proposed research poses little risk. To facilitate approval, investigators sometimes feel compelled to make compromises that weaken the science (eg... Читать дальше...

This study assesses artemisinin partial resistance, Pfkelch13 variations, and malaria recrudescence in Ugandan children with complicated malaria.

One of the greatest threats to the control of malaria is the emergence of artemisinin partial resistance (ART-R) in Plasmodium falciparum, the most virulent human malaria parasite, in multiple countries in Africa. Artemisinins are rapid-acting antimalarial therapeutic agents that are the key components of artemisinin-based combination therapy, which combines an artemisinin derivative with a longer-acting partner drug to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are the standard of care for this indication. Читать дальше...

This study aims to characterize the individual-level agreement of polygenic risk scores for coronary heart disease that perform similarly at the population level.

Risk prediction to inform strategies for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is universally recommended by clinical practice guidelines in the US and worldwide. A risk-based prevention paradigm matches the intensity of the prevention effort with the absolute risk of the individual. Because the absolute risk reduction is directly proportional to the absolute risk of the individual (ie, individuals at higher predicted risk will experience greater benefit than those with a lower predicted risk from a given therapy)... Читать дальше...

This randomized clinical trial compares different text messaging strategies (generic refill reminders, behavioral nudge refill reminders, behavioral nudge refill reminders plus a fixed-message chatbot) with usual care to improve medication refill adherence among adult US patients nonadherent to cardiovascular medications.

This study analyzes how prices negotiated by Medicare in the US compare with net prices before negotiation, ceiling prices, and list prices in 6 other high-income countries.

This study compares the efficacy of 2% perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion vs 0.9% saline placebo on return of gut function after elective minimally invasive colon resection.

In Reply In September 2024, a US appeals court struck down California’s prohibition on firearms in health care settings, citing the Supreme Court’s new requirement that modern gun laws be evaluated based on whether they are consistent with historical tradition rather than their ability to address the threat and reality of gun violence. Under this “originalist” approach, whether hospitals qualify as “sensitive places” where guns can be prohibited turns on whether judges believe hospitals to be sufficiently... Читать дальше...

To the Editor In their article, Mr Romero and colleagues discussed the consequences of recent Supreme Court decisions on the possession of firearms, especially the possibility that declaring hospitals a firearm-free domain breaches Second Amendment rights. If that is true, then it applies to hospital staff as well as patients and their relatives. How will patients feel about their physician having an AR-15 on their desk during an examination?

In Reply We agree with Dr Xie and colleagues that SSIs are caused by multiple contributing factors. This underlines the need for cluster-randomized trials (like our own), as contributing noncontrolled factors here are randomly distributed between groups. Of note, our study had an even distribution of allocations between the study sites and surgical specialties.