Turf MD: How to manage and reduce grain on the course

Similarly, golfers may read a putt by looking at the way the grain lays between the golf ball and the hole. If the grain is toward the golfer, the turf may appear a little darker green, or conversely, if it lays away from the golfer, the turf may be a little lighter color. Grain can impact the amount of break in a putt.

Grain is often associated with the growth habit of the turfgrass species. For example, creeping bentgrass is prostrate in growth while annual bluegrass grows more upright. Bermudagrass greens — including the ultra-dwarf varieties — frequently develop grain. Grainy patches develop, which contrasts between the green areas and lighter green patches. Superintendents may describe the patches or areas that develop on a bermudagrass green as grain, but the cause may be due in part to genetic mutations.

Management Strategies

Managing grain consists of repetitive practices that are often ingrained — no pun intended — on a daily basis, like mowing. Mechanical practices to remove grain and improve texture include mowing (frequency, height, direction), verticutting, grooming (groomers), brushing and topdressing. The goal is to get the turfgrass plants to grow vertically or upright, thus removing grain and improving the density and texture of the turf.

Mowing greens are probably the most consistent means of reducing grain. To improve leaf texture and help remove grain, consider changing mowing height, frequency and direction. Lower mowing heights tend to increase density resulting in a finer texture and reduced grain.