South Africa's gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) in the 2021/22 fiscal year rose in real terms for the first time in four years, research policy agency the Human Sciences Research Council’s (HSRC's) 'South African National Survey of Research and Experimental Development Statistical Report 2021/22' shows. Further, GERD as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP), which is a measure of research and development intensity, in the 2021/22 fiscal year increased to 0.62% of GDP, up from 0.6% in the preceding year.