10 more Zika cases have been identified in Florida. Here’s what you need to know.
The number of Zika virus infections in Florida is on the rise. On Monday, Florida Gov. Rick Scott announced that a total of 14 people are believed to have contracted the virus in the state. This is up from the four infections announced last week by the Florida Department of Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which signaled that the virus is likely circulating in local mosquitos near Miami. The 14 infected people include 12 men and two women.
Local health officials say Zika is currently limited to just a one square mile area north of downtown Miami. As a precaution, the CDC issued a travel warning for women who are or are thinking are becoming pregnant against traveling to the affected area.
“Because mosquito control efforts in this specific community... don’t appear to be working as well as we as we would have hoped, and because we have seen more Zika cases over a longer time frame, we advice pregnant women to avoid travel to this area and pregnant women who live or work in this area to make every effort to avoid mosquito bites,” Tom Frieden, the CDC director said Monday.
The uptick isn’t shocking, and is partially the result of health investigators looking harder for cases. The Florida Department of Heath has been conducting door-to-door surveys, testing people for the virus, the Washington Post reports.
It’s also in line with what the CDC has been predicting for months: a small, but controllable, outbreak of Zika in the southeastern United States.
“We would not be surprised if additional cases are reported,” Frieden told reporters on Friday. “In fact there will be more cases we’re not aware of right now because most people infected with Zika don’t have symptoms. People infected several weeks ago may also have their infections diagnosed as we do, and as Florida does community surveys in the area.”
Gov. Scott said that the state has requested additional resources from the CDC for an emergency response. (“We are ready to go as soon as they ask,” Frieden said Friday.)
Scott is also confident the health agencies will be able to prevent Zika from spreading into a major outbreak. “Florida has a proven track record of success when it comes to managing similar mosquito-borne viruses," Scott said in a statement.
The state has managed to control several small outbreaks of chikungunya fever, another virus spread by the Aedes mosquito, in recent years. It also had to face an outbreak of dengue fever in Key West in 2009, when the virus began circulating among local mosquitoes after a long absence. Between 2009 and 2010, there were 88 cases of dengue in the Keys, according to the Florida Department of Health.
Like Zika, dengue and chikungunya are rarely fatal, but there is also no vaccine to stop their spread.
"We can't guarantee Zika to behave as those two other viruses behave," Frieden said at a National Press Club event May 26. But they do help the CDC take a good guess for how Zika will play out in the coming months. And the prognosis isn’t severe.
Why Florida?
Florida is more likely to be hit by the Zika virus for a few reasons (the same goes for Texas):
- It has a warm, tropical climate where mosquitoes can breed year-round.
- It's also already home to the two mosquito species known to transmit Zika: Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. (The bigger concern is the Aedes aegypti variety, which has a particular fondness for biting humans.)
- Many travelers to and from Latin America pass through Florida every day.
- And we know the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes there have, in recent years, infected people with viruses thought to be inactive in the United States.
Zika is in Florida, but you should still remain calm
Even if it establishes a small foothold here, we’re unlikely to see an epidemic anything close to what Brazil and other countries in Latin America have experienced.
"Better housing construction, regular use of air conditioning, use of window screens and door screens and state and local mosquito control efforts helped to eliminate [mosquito-borne infections like malaria] from the mainland," said Lyle Petersen, director of the CDC's division of vector-borne diseases, in a statement this year.
Vox’s Julia Belluz has highlighted other key reasons not to fear Zika in the US.
- Eighty percent of people with Zika show no symptoms.
- Only 1 percent of pregnant women will show birth complications.
- Condoms are effective against transmitting the disease sexually.
- Bug repellent, bed nets, screened in windows, and removing trash and standing water around a house can all help in preventing Zika’s spread.