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2020

Новости за 07.07.2020

Host cell fusion in bacteria infection alarms immune system, causing host cell destruction

Eurekalert.org 

NUS Medicine researchers have identified a new trigger for our immune system--abnormal fusion of host cells to form giant cells after infection by pathogens such as the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Cell fusion triggered the cGAS-STING pathway, activating a type 1 interferon response which kills pathogens. In extensive cell fusion, cGAS-STING caused the giant cells to self-destruct instead. Since the DNA in the giant cells was damaged, self-destruction likely prevents these cells from becoming cancerous.

Old X-rays, new vision: A nano-focused X-ray laser

Eurekalert.org 

Researchers at Osaka University, in collaboration with RIKEN and Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), have focused the beam of an X-ray free-electron laser to 6 nanometers, closer to the diameter of a typical atom than obtained in prior work. In conjunction with the extremely brief pulses and high intensities of the laser, researchers can now study matter at extremely high resolution and unprecedented speed.

Curtin study could rewrite Earth's history

Eurekalert.org 

Curtin University-led research has found new evidence to suggest that the Earth's first continents were not formed by subduction in a modern-like plate tectonics environment as previously thought, and instead may have been created by an entirely different process.

Enzymes as double agents: New mechanism discovered in protein modification

Eurekalert.org 

Proteins take on an important function in photosynthesis. In order to be able to work purposefully, they change their chemical form after they have been produced in a cell. The role of the 'driver' is played by enzymes. Researchers have now identified enzymes, which facilitate reactions in a twofold way. The study has been published in the journal "Molecular Systems Biology".



The Nursing-Home Catastrophe

City Journal 

Governor Andrew Cuomo’s fateful decision to return Covid-19 patients to care facilities ought to haunt him—and us.

Men and younger adults less active in lockdown

Eurekalert.org 

New research published in the journal BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine indicates that men and younger adults have been less physically active during the COVID-19 lockdown.

WVU Robotic Technology Center and Maxar Technologies partner on the future of in-space assembly

Eurekalert.org 

(West Virginia University) Maxar Technologies, a trusted partner and innovator in earth intelligence and space infrastructure, has announced over $2 million in funding for the WVU Robotic Technology Center, from the $142 million NASA funded project, to assist them in performing the first in-space assembly demonstration of a satellite using a lightweight robotic arm.

Virginia Tech researchers developing new strategy to thwart Alzheimer's

Eurekalert.org 

(Virginia Tech) With a new, five-year, $2.8 million National Institutes of Health grant awarded to Harald Sontheimer, a glial neurobiologist at the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, scientists are probing changes caused by aging in the circulatory system in the normal brain and Alzheimer's disease brain. The hope is they will discover something completely unsuspected -- a protein or a signaling pathway that no one had thought about -- that could then be potentially targeted to develop... Читать дальше...

Welcome, Robin the AI robot

Eurekalert.org 

(University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences) In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital launched an innovative project to support the emotional needs of children through emotional-learning technology. Robin's technology enables the robot to build what is called associative memory -- it recognizes a child's emotions by interpreting his or her facial expressions and builds responsive dialogue by replicating patterns formed from previous experiences.

Addressing the toxicity of cancer treatment costs

Eurekalert.org 

(Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research) Financial toxicity affects an estimated 30% to 50% of patients with cancer, especially patients who are racial/ethnic minorities, have lower incomes or are under 65. However, well-timed and effective patient-oncologist treatment cost discussions could help.A team from Wayne State University are working to improve patient-provider discussions on costs of cancer treatment with the help of a grant from the American Cancer Society.

Targeted taxes and school lunch policies benefit low-income populations

Eurekalert.org 

Targeted taxes on sweetened beverages and policies that strengthen nutritional standards for meals and beverages at schools may be effective tools for decreasing the purchase of sweetened drinks and reducing obesity among children living in poverty, according to two studies led by researchers from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

JNCCN study explores if insurance is keeping pace with trends in targeted cancer therapy

Eurekalert.org 

New research from the University of California, San Francisco (USCF) and City of Hope in the July 2020 issue of JNCCN--Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network examines coverage trends for circulating tumor DNA testing, also known as gene sequencing of ctDNA or 'liquid biopsies.' The researchers found coverage rate rose from 0% to 38% in three years. The policies also increased in scope from 2017-2019, going from one cancer type to 12.

Boron nitride destroys PFAS 'forever' chemicals PFOA, GenX

Eurekalert.org 

Rice University chemical engineers have discovered a photocatalyst that can destroy 99% of the 'forever' chemical PFOA in laboratory tests on polluted water. Researchers showed the boron nitride catalyst also destroys GenX, a PFOA replacement that's also an environmental problem.

Новости России
Москва

Массовое отравление на туристическом корабле в Москве: пострадали 30 человек


New link between calcium and cardiolipin in heart defects

Eurekalert.org 

To function properly, the heart needs energy from cells' powerhouses, the mitochondria. In turn, mitochondria boost their energy output when calcium levels rise around them, a signal that more energy is needed. A new study shows that a shortage of cardiolipin, a type of fat, in the mitochondrial membrane, prevents calcium from entering mitochondria. The result helps explain heart and muscle weakness in the rare genetic disorder Barth syndrome.

Scientists offer roadmap for studying link between climate and armed conflict

Eurekalert.org 

Climate change--from rising temperatures and more severe heavy rain, to drought--is increasing risks for economies, human security, and conflict globally. Scientists at the University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science are leading an effort to better assess the climate-conflict link to help societies manage the complex risks of increased violence from a changing climate.


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