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Новости за 27.08.2020

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Intense Competition Forces Western Refiners To Reinvent Themselves

Oilprice.com 
En

The Covid-19 pandemic and the oil crisis have taken a heavy toll on demand for transport fuels such as gasoline and jet fuel leading to severe margin compression for refineries. The situation is not being helped by a cross-section of experts warning that we might already be past peak demand for oil and that ‘Lower Forever’ might be the new norm for oil prices.  Faced with this existential crisis, global refiners are being forced to reinvent themselves in a bid to survive. Some, such as Texas-based Phillips 66 (NYSE:PSX)... Читать дальше...

Friends or foes? The knowns and unknowns of natural killer cell biology in COVID-19 and other coronaviruses in July 2020

Plos.org 
En

by Cordelia Manickam, Sho Sugawara, R. Keith Reeves

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 575,000 deaths worldwide as of mid-July 2020 and still continues globally unabated. Immune dysfunction and cytokine storm complicate the disease, which in turn leads to the question of whether stimulation or suppression of the immune system would curb the disease. Given the varied antiviral and regulatory functions of natural killer (NK) cells, they could be potent and powerful immune allies in this global fight against COVID-19. Читать дальше...

Remember how to use it: Effector-dependent modulation of spatial working memory activity in posterior parietal cortex

Plos.org 
En

by Artur Pilacinski, Melanie S. Höller-Wallscheid, Axel Lindner

Working memory (WM) is the key process linking perception to action. Several lines of research have, accordingly, highlighted WM’s engagement in sensori-motor associations between retrospective stimuli and future behavior. Using human fMRI we investigated whether prior information about the effector used to respond in a WM task would have an impact on the way the same sensory stimulus is maintained in memory despite a behavioral response could not be readily planned. Читать дальше...



Sustaining the growth of Pinaceae trees under nutrient-limited edaphic conditions via plant-beneficial bacteria

Plos.org 
En

by Akshit Puri, Kiran Preet Padda, Chris P. Chanway

Lodgepole pine, a prominent Pinaceae tree species native to western North America, is well-known for its ability to thrive in highly disturbed and degraded areas. One such area is the Sub-Boreal Pine-Spruce xeric-cold (SBPSxc) region in British Columbia, Canada, which is characterized by weakly-developed, parched soils that lack an organic forest floor and essential plant-available nutrients. We hypothesized that plant growth-promoting bacteria... Читать дальше...

First field estimation of greenhouse gas release from European soil-dwelling Scarabaeidae larvae targeting the genus Melolontha

Plos.org 
En

by Carolyn-Monika Görres, Claudia Kammann

Arthropods are a major soil fauna group, and have the potential to substantially influence the spatial and temporal variability of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) sinks and sources. The overall effect of soil-inhabiting arthropods on soil GHG fluxes still remains poorly quantified since the majority of the available data comes from laboratory experiments, is often controversial, and has been limited to a few species. The main objective of this study was... Читать дальше...

An enhanced dynamic transmission opportunity scheme to support varying traffic load over wireless campus networks

Plos.org 
En

by Zazilah May, M. K. Alam, Khaleel Husain, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan

Transmission opportunity (TXOP) is a key factor to enable efficient channel bandwidth utilization over wireless campus networks (WCN) for interactive multimedia (IMM) applications. It facilitates in resource allocation for the similar categories of multiple packets transmission until the allocated time is expired. The static TXOP limits are defined for various categories of IMM traffics in the IEEE802.11e standard. Due to the variation of traffic load in WCN... Читать дальше...

Continued value of the serum alpha-fetoprotein test in surveilling at-risk populations for hepatocellular carcinoma

Plos.org 
En

by Jihyun An, Ha Il Kim, Seheon Chang, Ju Hyun Shim

Backgrounds and aims

Because of the known limitations of ultrasonography (US) alone, we re-evaluated whether complimentary testing for serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is helpful in surveilling for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk populations.

Methods

We included, from a hospital-based cancer registry, 1,776 asymptomatic adults who were surveilled biannually with the AFP test and US and eventually diagnosed with HCC between 2007 and 2015. Читать дальше...

Новости России

A simple predictive model for estimating relative e-cigarette toxic carbonyl levels

Plos.org 
En

by Shawna Vreeke, Xijing Zhu, Robert M. Strongin

E-cigarette devices are wide ranging, leading to significant differences in levels of toxic carbonyls in their respective aerosols. Power can be a useful method in predicting relative toxin concentrations within the same device, but does not correlate well to inter-device levels. Herein, we have developed a simple mathematical model utilizing parameters of an e-cigarette’s coil and wick in order to predict relative levels of e-liquid solvent degradation. Читать дальше...


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