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Новости за 11.12.2024

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Effects of tattoos on the aesthetic appreciation of human stimuli as influenced by expertise, tattoo status, and age reflecting internalized social norms

Plos.org 
En

by Selina M. Weiler, Christian Duer, Dustin Krämer, Thomas Jacobsen

Scientific interest in body modifications continues to grow, and tattoos have recently become a subject of empirical aesthetics. While conceptual structures of tattoo aesthetics have been studied, the question of how tattoos are aesthetically appreciated has not yet been studied. In this study, we examined how tattoos influence the aesthetic appreciation of human stimuli and uncovered differences in beauty perceived by individuals older and younger than 50... Читать дальше...

Twin home birth: Outcomes of 100 sets of twins in the care of a single practitioner

Plos.org 
En

by Stuart J. Fischbein, Rixa Freeze

Background

Research on community (home or birth center) twin birth is scarce. This study evaluates outcomes of twin pregnancies entering care with a single community practitioner.

Methods

This is a retrospective observational cohort study of 100 consecutive twin pregnancies planning community births during a 12-year period. Outcomes measured included mode of birth; birth weights; Apgar scores; ante-, intra-, and post-partum transports; perineal... Читать дальше...

Widespread loss of safe lake ice access in response to a warming climate

Plos.org 
En

by Joshua Culpepper, Lei Huang, R. Iestyn Woolway, Sapna Sharma

Millions of people rely on lake ice for safe winter recreation. Warming air temperatures impact the phenology (timing of formation and breakup) and quality (ratio of black to white ice) of lake ice cover, both critical components of ice safety. Later formation and earlier breakup of lake ice lead to overall shorter periods of use. However, greater proportions of white ice may further inhibit safe ice use owing to its lower weight-bearing capacity. Читать дальше...

Quality of education, ageing and labor productivity

Plos.org 
En

by Fange Meng, Xin Wen

With the decrease in fertility rate and the extension of life expectancy, China’s ageing degree is deepening, and there is a decrease in the number of labor force individuals, leading to an increase in the burden of old-age care and constraining economic growth. The improvement of human capital can promote economic growth. Research is rquired to determine whether factors such as the teacher-student ratio (quality of education) and the average number of years of schooling... Читать дальше...

The influence of observation sequence features on the performance of the Bayesian hidden Markov model: A Monte Carlo simulation study

Plos.org 
En

by Jan-Willem Simons, Bart-Jan Boverhof, Emmeke Aarts

The hidden Markov model is a popular modeling strategy for describing and explaining latent process dynamics. There is a lack of information on the estimation performance of the Bayesian hidden Markov model when applied to categorical, one-level data. We conducted a simulation study to assess the effect of the 1) number of observations (250—8.000), 2) number of levels in the categorical outcome variable (3—7), and 3) state distinctiveness... Читать дальше...



Study on visual matching cognition of automobile interior and exterior

Plos.org 
En

by Yingjie Huang, Bofan Zhang, Jiayu Liu

This work aims to study the visual matching cognition of people with different professional backgrounds for automobile interiors and exteriors, using gasoline-powered automobiles and electric automobiles as the research objects. First, three classes of automobiles, B-class, C-class, and sport-type class automobiles, of different brands, with large differences in styling and styles, were taken as the experimental sample sources, and high-definition... Читать дальше...

Association between physical intimate partner violence and postpartum contraceptive use in the United States–evidence from PRAMS 2016–2021

Plos.org 
En

by Rashida-E Ijdi, Janine Barden-O’Fallon

Objective

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) continues to be a major global public health concern, impacting physical and psychological well-being of individuals, including their reproductive and sexual health. The objective of this study is to examine the association between physical intimate partner violence and the utilization of contraception during the postpartum period in the United States.

Method

This study used data from the CDC’s Pregnancy... Читать дальше...

Emotion inference in conversations based on commonsense enhancement and graph structures

Plos.org 
En

by Yuanmin Zhang, Kexin Xu, Chunzhi Xie, Zhisheng Gao

In the task of emotion inference, a common issue is the lack of common sense knowledge, particularly in the context of dialogue, where traditional research has failed to effectively extract structural features, resulting in lower accuracy in emotion inference. To address this, this paper proposes a dialogue emotion inference model based on Common Sense Enhancement and Graph Model (CEICG). This model integrates external common sense with... Читать дальше...

Chemical disruption of ABA signaling overcomes high-temperature inhibition of seed germination and enhances seed priming responses

Plos.org 
En

by James Eckhardt, Aditya Vaidya, Sean Cutler

Seed germination is critical to agricultural productivity because low germination rates and/or asynchronous germination negatively affect stand establishment and subsequent yields. Exposure to high temperatures during seed imbibition can decrease both germination synchrony and rates through an ABA-mediated process called thermoinhibition. Methods to reduce thermoinhibition would be agriculturally valuable, particularly with increasing global mean temperatures. Читать дальше...

CLIP-based multimodal endorectal ultrasound enhances prediction of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer

Plos.org 
En

by Hanchen Zhang, Hang Yi, Si Qin, Xiaoyin Liu, Guangjian Liu

Background

Forecasting the patient’s response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is crucial for managing locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This study investigates whether a predictive model using image-text features extracted from endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) via Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) can predict tumor regression grade (TRG) before nCRT.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 577 LARC patients... Читать дальше...

BUSClean: Open-source software for breast ultrasound image pre-processing and knowledge extraction for medical AI

Plos.org 
En

by Arianna Bunnell, Kailee Hung, John A. Shepherd, Peter Sadowski

Development of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical imaging demands curation and cleaning of large-scale clinical datasets comprising hundreds of thousands of images. Some modalities, such as mammography, contain highly standardized imaging. In contrast, breast ultrasound imaging (BUS) can contain many irregularities not indicated by scan metadata, such as enhanced scan modes, sonographer annotations, or additional views. Читать дальше...

Impact of work competencies on job performance among university counsellors

Plos.org 
En

by Jie Cao, Nur Naha Abu Mansor, Jinhua Li

This study aims to examine the relationship between work competency factors—namely knowledge, skills, traits, motives, and self-concepts—and job performance among university counsellors in China. Data were collected from 310 university counsellors using multiple sampling techniques. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), via Smart-PLS version 3.3.2, was employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that four competency factors—knowledge... Читать дальше...

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A novel hybrid PSO-MIDAS model and its application to the U.S. GDP forecast

Plos.org 
En

by Feng Shen, Xiaodong Yan, Yuhuang Shang

In this study, the traditional lag structure selection method in the Mixed Data Sampling (MIDAS) regression model for forecasting GDP was replaced with a machine learning approach using the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). The introduction of PSO aimed to automatically optimize the MIDAS model’s mixed-frequency lag structures, improving forecast accuracy and resolving the "forecast accuracy" and "forecast cost" weighting problem. The Diebold–Mariano... Читать дальше...


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