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Новости за 01.12.2023

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Applying the reference values of real-ear-to-coupler-difference for deaf and hard-of-hearing children in Taiwan: Cautions and considerations

Plos.org 
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by Chun-Yi Lin, Yi-ping Chang, Ying-Chuan Julie Ma

Measurement of real-ear-to-coupler differentials (RECDs) is a critical part of the hearing aid (HA) verification process. This study examines the validity of reference RECD values preset by the HA analyzer, Audioscan RM500, for deaf-and-hard-of-hearing (DHH) children in Taiwan. RECD measurements were performed on 658 ears of DHH children. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the reference and measured RECD values. The findings revealed... Читать дальше...

The mediting role of psychological resilience on the negative effect of pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study

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by Shuang Xu, Qiongyu Zhang, Jiayan Zhou

The objective of this study was to investigate the direct effects of pain-induced depression and anxiety, as well as the mediating role of psychological resilience, on the psychological distress associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The method involved a sample of 196 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and applied the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, and visual analog scale for pain. Bivariate and path analyses were performed... Читать дальше...

Adsorption of lithium ions from aqueous solution by magnetic aluminum-based adsorbents

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by Yaru Qin, Tingfei Yang, Chenglong Shi, Bing Liu

Magnetic aluminum-based adsorbents (MLDHs) were prepared with a coprecipitation method and used to separate lithium ions from the aqueous solutions. In static adsorption experiment, the adsorption capacity of MLDHs for lithium ions reached 8.22 mg/g. In a mixed solution of various metal ions, the adsorbents exhibited higher selectivity for lithium ions. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process conformed to a pseudo-second-order model. Читать дальше...

Population preferences for AI system features across eight different decision-making contexts

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by Søren Holm, Thomas Ploug

Artificial intelligence systems based on deep learning architectures are being investigated as decision-support systems for human decision-makers across a wide range of decision-making contexts. It is known from the literature on AI in medicine that patients and the public hold relatively strong preferences in relation to desirable features of AI systems and their implementation, e.g. in relation to explainability and accuracy, and in relation to the role of the human decision-maker in the decision chain. Читать дальше...



Quantifying the effects of vagus nerve stimulation on gastric myoelectric activity in ferrets using an interpretable machine learning approach

Plos.org 
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by Mahmoud Zeydabadinezhad, Charles C. Horn, Babak Mahmoudi

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a potential treatment option for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. The present study aimed to understand the physiological effects of VNS on gastrointestinal (GI) function, which is crucial for developing more effective adaptive closed-loop VNS therapies for GI diseases. Electrogastrography (EGG), which measures gastric electrical activities (GEAs) as a proxy to quantify GI functions, was employed in our investigation. Читать дальше...

Analysis on spatial difference and spillover effect of development resilience index of sports industry: A case study of 285 cities in China

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En

by Yihao Li, Yue Yuan, Na Cheng

The sustainable development of the sports industry has garnered extensive attention worldwide. In this study, after a rigorous explanation of the connotation of the sports industry development resilience coefficient (SIDRC), the Topsis model and exploratory spatial data analysis were comprehensively employed to evaluate and visualize the SIDRC of 285 cities in China. Additionally, a spatial econometric model was constructed to explore the influencing factors of SIDRC. Читать дальше...

Construction of a 5-gene prognostic signature based on oxidative stress related genes for predicting prognosis in osteosarcoma

Plos.org 
En

by Xiaofang Hong, Ribin Fu

Background

The understanding of the complex biological scenario of osteosarcoma will open the way to identifying new strategies for its treatment. Oxidative stress is a cancer-related biological scenario. At present, it is not clear the oxidative stress genes in affecting the prognosis and progression of osteosarcoma, the underlying mechanism as well as their impact on the classification of osteosarcoma subtypes.

Methods

We selected samples and sequencing... Читать дальше...

Physiotherapists clinical reasoning to prescribe exercise for patients with chronic pain: A qualitative study research protocol

Plos.org 
En

by Michael C. Kelly, Jenni Naisby, David J. Bell

Background

Physiotherapists’ play a key role in the management of chronic pain, and as part of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, prescribe exercise to support patients with chronic pain. However, there is very limited evidence supporting physiotherapists on what type of exercise or dose of exercise should be prescribed. Physiotherapists’ therefore have more onus on their ability to clinically reason how to prescribe exercise. Читать дальше...

How could mouthwashes affect the color stability and translucency of various types of monolithic zirconia? An in-vitro study

Plos.org 
En

by Rashin Giti, Reza Jebal

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and translucency of various types of monolithic zirconia after immersion in chlorhexidine and Listerine mouthwashes.

Materials and methods

This experimental study was performed on 36 disk-shaped specimens fabricated from low-translucent, high-translucent, and multilayered monolithic zirconia (n = 12 per group). Each group was equally divided and immersed in either 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) or Listerine mouthwash for 2 min daily over 7 days. Читать дальше...

FiMAP: A fast identity-by-descent mapping test for biobank-scale cohorts

Plos.org 
En

by Han Chen, Ardalan Naseri, Degui Zhi

Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified tens of thousands of genetic loci, the genetic architecture is still not fully understood for many complex traits. Most GWAS and sequencing association studies have focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms or copy number variations, including common and rare genetic variants. However, phased haplotype information is often ignored in GWAS or variant set tests for rare variants. Here we... Читать дальше...

Spatial exclusion leads to “tug-of-war” ecological dynamics between competing species within microchannels

Plos.org 
En

by Jeremy Rothschild, Tianyi Ma, Joshua N. Milstein, Anton Zilman

Competition is ubiquitous in microbial communities, shaping both their spatial and temporal structure and composition. Classical minimal models of competition, such as the Moran model, have been employed in ecology and evolutionary biology to understand the role of fixation and invasion in the maintenance of population diversity. Informed by recent experimental studies of cellular competition in confined spaces, we extend the... Читать дальше...

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Learning massive interpretable gene regulatory networks of the human brain by merging Bayesian networks

Plos.org 
En

by Niko Bernaola, Mario Michiels, Pedro Larrañaga, Concha Bielza

We present the Fast Greedy Equivalence Search (FGES)-Merge, a new method for learning the structure of gene regulatory networks via merging locally learned Bayesian networks, based on the fast greedy equivalent search algorithm. The method is competitive with the state of the art in terms of the Matthews correlation coefficient, which takes into account both precision and recall, while also improving upon it in terms of speed... Читать дальше...

Prokaryotic virus host prediction with graph contrastive augmentaion

Plos.org 
En

by Zhi-Hua Du, Jun-Peng Zhong, Yun Liu, Jian-Qiang Li

Prokaryotic viruses, also known as bacteriophages, play crucial roles in regulating microbial communities and have the potential for phage therapy applications. Accurate prediction of phage-host interactions is essential for understanding the dynamics of these viruses and their impacts on bacterial populations. Numerous computational methods have been developed to tackle this challenging task. However, most existing prediction models can... Читать дальше...


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