Stadiums must be built, along with residential and boarding facilities for the competitors and their entourage of trainers, coaches, and hangers-on. The 2020 Tokyo Olympics carried a price tag of $13 billion, twice the amount anticipated in 2013 when the city was awarded the Games. In the history of the modern Olympics, it is only the Los Angeles Games of 1984 that made a small profit of $215 million on an investment of several billions.
